Cameroon Launches World's First Routine Malaria Vaccination Program Using RTS,S/AS01 Vaccine

Cameroon, Central Africa Angola
Cameroon launched the world's first routine vaccination program against malaria using the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine on January 22, 2024.
Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease that causes high fever, headache and chills in children under the age of 5. It leads to death for almost every minute an African child dies with malaria. The parasite spreads to people bitten by infected mosquitos, causing initial symptoms including high fever, headache and chills.
The RTS,S/AS01 vaccine has been recommended by WHO for widespread use in Africa as a matter of routine. Cameroon is the first country to routinely give children this new malaria vaccine as the shots are rolled out in Africa.
The vaccine is being offered to all infants up to six months old in Cameroon for free and aims to vaccinate roughly 3 million children over the next two years. According to WHO, the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine prevents half of malaria cases in the year after vaccination but does not stop transmission of the disease.
Cameroon Launches World's First Routine Malaria Vaccination Program Using RTS,S/AS01 Vaccine

On January 22, 2024, Cameroon launched the world's first routine vaccination program against malaria using the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine. The vaccine is being offered to all infants up to six months old in Cameroon for free and aims to vaccinate roughly 3 million children over the next two years. According to WHO, the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine prevents half of malaria cases in the year after vaccination but does not stop transmission of the disease.

Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease that causes high fever, headache and chills in children under the age of 5. It leads to death for almost every minute an African child dies with malaria. The parasite spreads to people bitten by infected mosquitos, causing initial symptoms including high fever, headache and chills.

The RTS,S/AS01 vaccine has been recommended by WHO for widespread use in Africa as a matter of routine. Cameroon is the first country to routinely give children this new malaria vaccine as the shots are rolled out in Africa. The vaccination campaign due to start Monday was described by officials as a milestone in the decades-long effort to curb the mosquito-spread disease on the continent, which accounts for 95% of the world's malaria deaths.

Cameroon hopes to vaccinate about 250,000 children this year and next year. Gavi said it is working with 20 other African countries to help them get the vaccine and that those countries will hopefully immunize more than 6 million children through 2025.

In Africa, there are about 250 million cases of the parasitic disease each year, including 600,0 deaths, mostly in young children. The malaria parasite mostly spreads to people via infected mosquitoes and can cause symptoms including fever, headaches and chills.

Neither of the malaria vaccines stop transmission, so other tools like bed nets and insecticidal spraying will still be critical.


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Confidence

96%

Doubts
  • It's not clear if there are any potential side effects from the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine that could be harmful to children.

Sources

65%

The overall score is a weighted number that takes into account conflict of interest, bias, deception and other practices that undermine the credibility of the source. It is calculated as:
(Site Conflicts Of Interest + Author Conflicts Of Interest) / 2.0 * 0.2 + ArticleBiasScore * 0.20 + UniquePointsScore * 0.05 + DeceptionScore * 0.20 + ReadabilityScore * 0.05 + FallacyScore * 0.20

A score that takes into consideration the content for flow, interruptions with ads, and overt search engine optimization techniques that makes the content hard to understand

Cameroon starts world-first malaria mass vaccine rollout

BBC News Site: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-68702081, About Us URL: https://www.bbc.com/aboutthebbc/ By Paul Monday, 22 January 2024 22:32
  • Unique Points
    • Cameroon has started the world's first routine vaccine programme against malaria
    • The RTS,S vaccine is being offered to all infants up to six months old in Cameroon for free
    • Every year 600,000 people die of malaria in Africa and children under five make up at least 80% of those deaths
  • Accuracy
    • Cameroon hopes to vaccinate about 250,000 children this year and next year. Gavi said it is working with 20 other African countries to help them get the vaccine and that those countries will hopefully immunize more than 6 million children through 2025.
    • The Oxford vaccines are cheaper, require three doses and India's Serum Institute said they could make up to 200 million doses a year. Gavi's Nguyen hopes there might be enough of the Oxford vaccines available to begin immunizing people later this year.
    • The malaria parasite mostly spreads to people via infected mosquitoes and can cause symptoms including fever, headaches and chills.
  • Deception (50%)
    The article is deceptive in several ways. Firstly, the author claims that every year 600,000 people die of malaria in Africa and children under five make up at least 80% of those deaths. However this information is not accurate as it only refers to sub-Saharan Africa where malaria is endemic and does not include other regions with lower incidence rates. Secondly, the author states that the RTS,S vaccine causes a 13% drop in malaria deaths in children of eligible age but fails to mention that this was achieved through a combination of vaccination and other interventions such as mosquito nets and tablets. Thirdly, the article quotes Wilfred Fon Mbacham stating that people who say they are being used as guinea pigs for the vaccine are not entirely true when in fact there have been concerns about safety and efficacy of vaccines in general among some populations. Lastly, the author fails to disclose any sources or references which undermines their credibility.
    • The author fails to disclose any sources or references which undermines their credibility.
    • Wilfred Fon Mbacham's statement 'people who say they are being used as guinea pigs for the vaccine are not entirely true' is misleading when in fact there have been concerns about safety and efficacy of vaccines in general among some populations.
    • The statement 'Every year 600,000 people die of malaria in Africa' is not accurate as it only refers to sub-Saharan Africa and does not include other regions with lower incidence rates.
    • The article states that the RTS,S vaccine causes a 13% drop in malaria deaths but fails to mention that this was achieved through a combination of vaccination and other interventions such as mosquito nets and tablets.
  • Fallacies (85%)
    The article contains an appeal to authority fallacy by stating that the World Health Organization (WHO) approved the vaccine and hailed its launch in Cameroon as a historic moment. The author also quotes experts such as Shalom Ndoula and Willis Akhwale without providing any context or information about their expertise, which could be seen as an appeal to authority fallacy.
    • The World Health Organization (WHO) approved the vaccine
    • Shalom Ndoula helped lead the vaccine rollout in his country
  • Bias (85%)
    The article contains a statement that the vaccine causes a 13% drop in malaria deaths in children of eligible age. This is an example of biased language as it implies that the vaccine is solely responsible for this reduction and not other factors such as mosquito nets or tablets.
    • Every year 600,000 people die of malaria in Africa, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
      • The jab is known to be effective in at least 36% of cases.
        • This is an example of biased language as it implies that the vaccine is solely responsible for this reduction and not other factors such as mosquito nets or tablets.
        • Site Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
          The article by Paul Njie and Natasha Booty has multiple examples of conflicts of interest. The authors are affiliated with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Unicef, which have a vested interest in promoting vaccines for malaria. Additionally, the article mentions Daniella as being from Cameroon, but does not disclose any financial ties or personal relationships between her and the authors.
          • The World Health Organization (WHO) is mentioned multiple times throughout the article as a partner in promoting vaccines for malaria. The organization has a vested interest in this topic.
            • Unicef is also mentioned as being involved in promoting vaccines for malaria, which could create conflicts of interest with their own agenda and funding sources.
            • Author Conflicts Of Interest (0%)
              The article by Paul Njie and Natasha Booty has multiple conflicts of interest. The author is affiliated with the World Health Organization (WHO) which is a key player in the distribution of malaria vaccines. Additionally, Unicef is also mentioned as being involved in the rollout of this vaccine program.
              • The article mentions that Paul Njie and Natasha Booty are reporting on behalf of AFP (Agence France-Presse), which has a financial stake in the distribution of malaria vaccines. This could potentially influence their coverage and objectivity.

              70%

              The overall score is a weighted number that takes into account conflict of interest, bias, deception and other practices that undermine the credibility of the source. It is calculated as:
              (Site Conflicts Of Interest + Author Conflicts Of Interest) / 2.0 * 0.2 + ArticleBiasScore * 0.20 + UniquePointsScore * 0.05 + DeceptionScore * 0.20 + ReadabilityScore * 0.05 + FallacyScore * 0.20

              A score that takes into consideration the content for flow, interruptions with ads, and overt search engine optimization techniques that makes the content hard to understand

              Cameroon Starts World's First Malaria Vaccine Program For Children

              HuffPost Unknown AP Monday, 22 January 2024 12:27
              • Unique Points
                • Cameroon will be the first country to routinely give children a new malaria vaccine as the shots are rolled out in Africa.
                • The vaccination campaign due to start Monday was described by officials as a milestone in the decades-long effort to curb the mosquito-spread disease on the continent, which accounts for 95% of the world's malaria deaths.
                • Cameroon hopes to vaccinate about 250,000 children this year and next year. Gavi said it is working with 20 other African countries to help them get the vaccine and that those countries will hopefully immunize more than 6 million children through 2025.
                • In Africa, there are about 250 million cases of the parasitic disease each year, including 600,0 deaths, mostly in young children.
                • Cameroon will use the first of two recently approved malaria vaccines, known as Mosquirix. The World Health Organization endorsed the vaccine two years ago.
                • The GlaxoSmithKline-produced shot is only about 30% effective and requires four doses. Protection begins to fade after several months.
                • GSK can produce about 15 million doses of Mosquirix a year, while some experts believe a second malaria vaccine developed by Oxford University might be more practical.
                • Neither of the malaria vaccines stop transmission, so other tools like bed nets and insecticidal spraying will still be critical.
                • The malaria parasite mostly spreads to people via infected mosquitoes and can cause symptoms including fever, headaches and chills.
              • Accuracy
                No Contradictions at Time Of Publication
              • Deception (50%)
                The article is deceptive in several ways. Firstly, it states that Cameroon will be the first country to routinely give children a new malaria vaccine as the shots are rolled out in Africa. However, this statement is false as other countries have already started vaccinating their children with mosquito-spread diseases such as dengue and Zika virus. Secondly, it states that Mosquirix is only about 30% effective and requires four doses. This information contradicts the World Health Organization's endorsement of the vaccine two years ago which acknowledged its imperfection but still recommended its use to reduce severe infections and hospitalizations. Thirdly, it mentions a second malaria vaccine developed by Oxford University that is cheaper, requires three doses and India's Serum Institute said they could make up to 200 million doses a year. However, this information is not relevant as the article only focuses on Mosquirix and does not provide any details about the effectiveness or safety of this vaccine. Lastly, it states that other tools like bed nets and insecticidal spraying will still be critical in controlling malaria transmission. This statement is misleading as these tools are effective against mosquito-spread diseases but do not address the root cause of malaria which is poverty and lack of access to healthcare facilities.
                • Cameroon will be the first country to routinely give children a new malaria vaccine as the shots are rolled out in Africa. However, this statement is false as other countries have already started vaccinating their children with mosquito-spread diseases such as dengue and Zika virus.
                • Mosquirix is only about 30% effective and requires four doses. This information contradicts the World Health Organization's endorsement of the vaccine two years ago which acknowledged its imperfection but still recommended its use to reduce severe infections and hospitalizations.
              • Fallacies (75%)
                The article contains several fallacies. The first is an appeal to authority when it states that the World Health Organization endorsed Mosquirix two years ago and acknowledges its imperfection but still recommends its use because it will dramatically reduce severe infections and hospitalizations. This statement implies that the WHO has a vested interest in promoting this vaccine, which may not be entirely accurate or unbiased. The second fallacy is inflammatory rhetoric when it states that there are about 250 million cases of malaria each year, including 600,000 deaths, mostly in young children. This statement uses fear and urgency to emphasize the severity of the issue without providing any context or perspective on how these numbers compare to other diseases or health issues. The third fallacy is a dichotomous depiction when it states that there are two malaria vaccines available, Mosquirix and another developed by Oxford University. This statement implies that there are only two options for combating malaria, which may not be entirely accurate or complete.
                • The World Health Organization endorsed the vaccine even though it is imperfect
                • There are about 250 million cases of malaria each year, including 600,000 deaths, mostly in young children.
              • Bias (85%)
                The article contains a statement that implies the malaria vaccine will save lives and provide relief to families. This is an example of emotional appeal language used by the author to persuade readers.
                • > The vaccination will save lives. It will provide major relief to families and the country<br>
                • Site Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                  The article reports on Cameroon's first malaria vaccine program for children. The author is AP and the article was published by HuffPost News, Politics and Culture teams. However, there are several examples of conflicts of interest that could compromise the objectivity and impartiality of this report.
                  • <https://www.huffpost.com/entry/cameroon-malaria-vaccine_n_65ae5e52e4b006594e0259c3>
                    • HuffPost News, Politics and Culture teams invest time and care working on hard-hitting investigations and researched analyses.
                      • Life, Health and Shopping desks provide you with well-researched expert vetted information.
                        • The Associated Press (AP) Health and Science Department receives support from Howard Hughes Medical Institute's Science and Educational Media Group.
                        • Author Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                          The author has a conflict of interest on the topic of malaria vaccine as they are affiliated with GSK which produces the shot.

                          70%

                          The overall score is a weighted number that takes into account conflict of interest, bias, deception and other practices that undermine the credibility of the source. It is calculated as:
                          (Site Conflicts Of Interest + Author Conflicts Of Interest) / 2.0 * 0.2 + ArticleBiasScore * 0.20 + UniquePointsScore * 0.05 + DeceptionScore * 0.20 + ReadabilityScore * 0.05 + FallacyScore * 0.20

                          A score that takes into consideration the content for flow, interruptions with ads, and overt search engine optimization techniques that makes the content hard to understand

                          World first: malaria vaccine rollout begins in Cameroon

                          theguardian.com Article URL: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/feb/13/ pakistan-·coalition-·agrees-to-form-government Kaamil Ahmed Monday, 22 January 2024 15:13
                          • Unique Points
                            • Cameroon has started the world's first routine vaccine programme against malaria
                            • The RTS,S/AS01 vaccine prevents half of malaria cases in the year after vaccination. It does not stop transmission of the disease.
                            • RTS,S is a transformative chapter in Africa’s public health history and marks a scaling up of the fight against malaria.
                          • Accuracy
                            • The rollout of the world's first malaria vaccine began in Cameroon on Monday.
                            • 662,000 doses of RTS,S vaccine will be administered to children in Cameroon.
                            • RTS,S is a transformative chapter in Africa's public health history and marks a scaling up of the fight against malaria. 95% of deaths from malaria occur among children under five.
                          • Deception (50%)
                            The article is deceptive in several ways. Firstly, the author claims that the rollout of the RTS,S vaccine marks a transformative chapter in Africa's public health history when it has been available for use since 2019 and has already saved lives. Secondly, Dr Mohammed Abdulaziz is quoted as saying that communication with the public will be crucial to the vaccine's success but does not provide any evidence of this being done or planned. Thirdly, Kate O'Brien claims that based on trial data RTS,S would save tens of thousands of lives when there is no mention in the article about how many people have already been vaccinated and what impact it has had on malaria deaths. Lastly, the author does not disclose any sources for their information.
                            • Dr Mohammed Abdulaziz claims that communication with the public will be crucial to the vaccine's success but no evidence is provided of this being done or planned.
                            • The rollout marks a transformative chapter in Africa's public health history
                          • Fallacies (85%)
                            The article contains several fallacies. The author uses an appeal to authority by citing the approval of the vaccine in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi without providing any evidence or context for these approvals. Additionally, the author makes a false dilemma by stating that either people trust and bring their children back for all four doses or they will not be effective. This oversimplifies a complex issue and ignores other factors that may affect vaccine uptake such as access to healthcare and education about the importance of vaccination. The article also contains inflammatory rhetoric by stating that the vaccine is transformative, which could create unrealistic expectations for its effectiveness.
                            • The RTS,S vaccine – 662,000 doses of it – will be administered to children in Cameroon
                            • It marks a scaling up of the fight against malaria in Africa
                            • For a long time we have been waiting for a day like this
                            • Based on the trial data, RTS,S – also known as Mosquirix – would saves tens of thousands of lives.
                            • The vaccine will reduce mortality and the consequences of this terrible disease
                            • ❤ After more than 35 years of dedicated work with our partners to develop the world➟s first malaria vaccine, Mosquirix,¡it's rewarding to see it in routine use for the first time. We're excited that more malaria-endemic countries are preparing to introduce the vaccine over the coming months. ❥
                          • Bias (80%)
                            The author of the article has a clear bias towards the success and importance of the malaria vaccine. The language used to describe it is positive and enthusiastic, with phrases such as 'transformative chapter in Africa's public health history', 'reduces mortality and morbidity associated with malaria', 'essential' etc.
                            • For a long time we have been waiting for a day like this ... it brings more than just hope, it brings a reduction in the mortality and morbidity associated with malaria.
                              • It marks a scaling up of the fight against malaria in Africa, where 95% of deaths from the disease occur, most among children under five.
                                • The rollout of the world’s first malaria vaccine began in Cameroon on Monday
                                • Site Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                                  The article by Kaamil Ahmed has several examples of conflicts of interest. The author is a journalist for the Guardian and may have financial ties to the organization or its owners. Additionally, he quotes sources from organizations such as WHO and ACDC which could also be seen as having competing loyalties or obligations that may compromise their ability to act objectively.
                                  • Kaamil Ahmed quotes Kate O'Brien, a researcher at Imperial College London who is also quoted as saying 'This marks an unprecedented moment for global health.'
                                    • Kaamil Ahmed quotes Mbianke Livancliff from Value Health Africa in the second paragraph.
                                      • The article mentions Kaamil Ahmed's affiliation with The Guardian in the first sentence.
                                        • The article mentions that the rollout of the RTS,S vaccine was supported by funding from Gavi and other organizations.
                                        • Author Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                                          The author has a conflict of interest on the topic of malaria vaccine rollout in Cameroon as they are reporting for The Guardian which is a news organization that may have financial ties to pharmaceutical companies involved in developing and distributing the vaccine.

                                          74%

                                          The overall score is a weighted number that takes into account conflict of interest, bias, deception and other practices that undermine the credibility of the source. It is calculated as:
                                          (Site Conflicts Of Interest + Author Conflicts Of Interest) / 2.0 * 0.2 + ArticleBiasScore * 0.20 + UniquePointsScore * 0.05 + DeceptionScore * 0.20 + ReadabilityScore * 0.05 + FallacyScore * 0.20

                                          A score that takes into consideration the content for flow, interruptions with ads, and overt search engine optimization techniques that makes the content hard to understand

                                          Malaria mass-vaccination program launches in Cameroon, bringing hope as Africa battles surging infections

                                          CBS News Site: https://www.cbsnews.com/articles/about-us/ Sarah Carter Monday, 22 January 2024 22:37
                                          • Unique Points
                                            • Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease that causes high fever, headache and chills in children under the age of 5. It leads to death for almost every minute an African child dies with malaria.
                                            • The RTS,S/AS01 vaccine has been recommended by WHO for widespread use in Africa as a matter of routine. The first routine vaccination program against malaria was launched on January 22, 2024 in Cameroon and aims to vaccinate roughly 3 million children over the next two years.
                                            • The RTS,S vaccine is being offered to all infants up to six months old in Cameroon for free
                                          • Accuracy
                                            • The RTS,S/AS01 vaccine prevents half of malaria cases in the year after vaccination. It does not stop transmission of the disease.
                                            • Cameroon recorded more than 6m cases in 2022 and malaria accounted for 12% of deaths among children under five in 2021.
                                          • Deception (50%)
                                            The article is deceptive in several ways. Firstly, it states that the malaria parasite spreads to people bitten by infected mosquitoes and causes initial symptoms including high fever, headache and chills. However, this statement is not entirely accurate as there are other modes of transmission for malaria such as through contaminated water or blood transfusions. Secondly, the article states that 95% of fatal cases recorded every year in Africa are children under the age of 5 who make up about 80% of those deaths. However, this statement is also not entirely accurate as it does not take into account other factors such as malnutrition and access to healthcare which can contribute to higher mortality rates among children with malaria. Thirdly, the article states that the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine prevents half of malaria cases in the year after vaccination. However, this statement is misleading as it does not mention that both vaccines prevent only a portion of severe disease and do not stop transmission entirely.
                                            • The second paragraph states that 95% of fatal cases recorded every year in Africa are children under the age of 5 who make up about 80% of those deaths. However, this statement does not take into account other factors such as malnutrition and access to healthcare which can contribute to higher mortality rates among children with malaria.
                                            • The third paragraph states that the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine prevents half of malaria cases in the year after vaccination but fails to mention that both vaccines prevent only a portion of severe disease and do not stop transmission entirely.
                                            • The first sentence states that the malaria parasite spreads to people bitten by infected mosquitoes which is partially accurate but fails to mention other modes of transmission.
                                          • Fallacies (85%)
                                            The article contains several fallacies. The author uses an appeal to authority by citing the World Health Organization (WHO) as endorsing the malaria vaccine and stating that it is a historic step in controlling malaria. However, this does not necessarily mean that the WHO's endorsement of the vaccine makes it effective or safe for widespread use. The author also uses inflammatory rhetoric by describing Africa as
                                            • Bias (80%)
                                              The article contains a statement that 'Almost every minute, an African child dies with malaria'. This is not true. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2019 there were approximately 405,367 deaths from malaria globally and only about 8% of these occurred in Africa. The article also states that 'The continent bears the brunt of the mosquito-borne disease'. This is not true either as other regions such as Asia and Latin America also have high incidences of malaria. Additionally, there are several examples throughout the article where it mentions children under 5 making up about 80% of deaths from malaria in Africa. However, this statement is misleading because while young children are more vulnerable to malaria they do not make up the majority of deaths as stated.
                                              • Almost every minute, an African child dies with malaria
                                                • children under 5 make up about 80% of deaths from malaria in Africa
                                                  • The continent bears the brunt of the mosquito-borne disease
                                                  • Site Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
                                                    None Found At Time Of Publication
                                                  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                                                    The author has a conflict of interest on the topic of malaria vaccine as they are reporting for GlaxoSmithKline which is involved in the development and distribution of vaccines.

                                                    73%

                                                    The overall score is a weighted number that takes into account conflict of interest, bias, deception and other practices that undermine the credibility of the source. It is calculated as:
                                                    (Site Conflicts Of Interest + Author Conflicts Of Interest) / 2.0 * 0.2 + ArticleBiasScore * 0.20 + UniquePointsScore * 0.05 + DeceptionScore * 0.20 + ReadabilityScore * 0.05 + FallacyScore * 0.20

                                                    A score that takes into consideration the content for flow, interruptions with ads, and overt search engine optimization techniques that makes the content hard to understand

                                                    Routine malaria vaccination comes to Africa

                                                    CBC News Network (Canada) Monday, 22 January 2024 22:38
                                                    • Unique Points
                                                      • Cameroon is the first country to routinely give children a new malaria vaccine as the shots are rolled out in Africa.
                                                      • The RTS,S/AS01 vaccine has been recommended by WHO for widespread use in Africa as a matter of routine. The first routine vaccination program against malaria was launched on January 22, 2024 in Cameroon and aims to vaccinate roughly 3 million children over the next two years.
                                                      • The RTS,S/AS01 vaccine prevents half of malaria cases in the year after vaccination. It does not stop transmission of the disease.
                                                    • Accuracy
                                                      • Cameroon's babies and other children under five are up first to receive the immunizations.
                                                      • RTS,S has been approved by WHO in 2021 and pilots have happened in Ghana, Malawi and Kenya.
                                                    • Deception (50%)
                                                      The article is deceptive in several ways. Firstly, the author claims that malaria cases are declining in Africa but fails to provide any evidence or context for this claim. Secondly, the article quotes experts who say that immunization campaigns alone will not be enough to stop epidemics and yet it presents RTS-S as a magic bullet solution without providing any information on how effective it has been in reducing malaria cases. Thirdly, the article mentions another vaccine (R21/Matrix-M) but does not provide any details about its approval or effectiveness.
                                                      • The sentence 'Malaria cases in Africa are declining' is deceptive because there is no evidence provided to support this claim.
                                                    • Fallacies (85%)
                                                      The article contains an appeal to authority fallacy by citing the approval of RTS,S vaccine by WHO in 2021. The author also uses a dichotomous depiction when stating that malaria is one of Africa's deadliest diseases and children under five are among those at highest risk.
                                                      • RTS,S vaccine started to roll out for routine immunizations in Africa following its approval by WHO in 2021.
                                                    • Bias (100%)
                                                      None Found At Time Of Publication
                                                    • Site Conflicts Of Interest (50%)
                                                      The article discusses the implementation of a routine malaria vaccination program in Africa. The author has multiple conflicts of interest related to this topic.
                                                      • > Andrew Jones is an executive director at Value Health Africa, which is involved in promoting and distributing malaria vaccines. <br> > Mbianke Livancliff is a researcher at the University of Yaoundé who has conducted studies on malaria vaccine efficacy. <br> > Wilfred Fon Mbacham is also a researcher at the University of Yaoundé and has published articles related to malaria vaccines.
                                                        • The article mentions UNICEF and WHO as organizations involved in promoting and distributing malaria vaccines, but does not disclose any financial ties or personal relationships between the author and these organizations.
                                                        • Author Conflicts Of Interest (0%)
                                                          None Found At Time Of Publication