Decreasing Age of First Periods: Implications and Factors for Girls' Health

Boston, Massachusetts United States of America
Potential factors contributing to early menstruation include obesity, poor diet, stress, adverse childhood experiences, exposure to endocrine disruptors, and technology use.
The average age of menarche (onset of menstruation) has decreased in recent decades.
This trend is more noticeable among certain demographics like Black children and those of lower socioeconomic status.
Decreasing Age of First Periods: Implications and Factors for Girls' Health

In recent years, there have been concerning trends regarding the age at which girls are getting their first periods. According to multiple studies, including those from Harvard University and The Cleveland Clinic, the average age of menarche (the onset of menstruation) has decreased over the last few decades. This trend is particularly noticeable among certain demographics such as Black children and those of lower socioeconomic status.

Researchers have identified several potential factors contributing to this phenomenon, including obesity, poor diet, stress, adverse childhood experiences, and exposure to chemicals known as endocrine disruptors. The use of technology such as iPhones and Apple Watches has also been suggested as a possible contributor.

The decrease in age at first period could have significant implications for girls' health later in life. Early menstruation has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, certain types of cancers, and other adverse health events. Additionally, irregular periods can also signal physical and psychosocial problems.

It is important for parents and caregivers to be aware of these trends and take steps to support their children's overall health. This includes encouraging a healthy diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and addressing any sources of stress or trauma. Regular check-ups with healthcare providers can also help ensure that any potential health concerns are identified early on.

Despite the growing body of evidence regarding these trends, it is essential to approach this topic with a critical and unbiased perspective. It is important to note that not all sources reporting on this issue may provide accurate or complete information. As a responsible journalist, it is crucial to verify facts from multiple reliable sources and avoid drawing conclusions without sufficient evidence.



Confidence

91%

Doubts
  • Are all sources reporting on this issue reliable and accurate?
  • Is the correlation between early menstruation and health risks causative or merely associative?

Sources

82%

  • Unique Points
    • A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that girls in the US had their first periods earlier over the last five decades and it took longer to experience regular cycles.
    • ,
    • The trend is especially pronounced among Black, Hispanic, Asian and mixed race participants, and those who reported lower socioeconomic status.
  • Accuracy
    • Girls who hit puberty early may not reach their maximum genetic height, have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and breast cancer.
  • Deception (30%)
    The author makes several statements that imply facts without providing sources or linking to peer-reviewed studies. For example, she states 'Early menarche and irregular periods can signal physical and psychosocial problems later in life.' but does not provide any evidence for this claim. She also states 'Many factors influence the onset of puberty, but the exact reasons for menarche and breast development at younger ages is debated.' without citing any sources or studies. Additionally, she uses emotional manipulation by stating 'It can also elevate women’s risk of cardiovascular diseases and breast cancer.' to elicit an emotional response from readers.
    • Early menarche and irregular periods can signal physical and psychosocial problems later in life.
    • Many factors influence the onset of puberty, but the exact reasons for menarche and breast development at younger ages is debated.
  • Fallacies (85%)
    The author makes an appeal to authority when quoting Zifan Wang and Dr Anne-Marie Amies Oelschlager. The author also uses inflammatory rhetoric by stating that 'early menarche and irregular periods can signal physical and psychosocial problems later in life' without providing any evidence or context.
    • The study, published in JAMA Network Open, found the trend is especially pronounced among Black, Hispanic, Asian and mixed race participants, and among those who reported lower socioeconomic status.
    • Zifan Wang, a postdoctoral research fellow at Harvard University’s TH Chan School of Public Health and lead author of the study.
    • Dr Anne-Marie Amies Oelschlager, a pediatric gynecologist at the University of Washington School of Medicine, and the chair of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) clinical consensus committee for gynecology.
    • Early menarche and irregular periods can signal physical and psychosocial problems later in life.
  • Bias (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Site Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication

84%

  • Unique Points
    • A new study of 71,341 women found that the average age of first menstruation in the Apple cohort dropped to 11.9 years among those born between 2000 and 2005.
    • Asian, non-Hispanic Black or multiracial participants consistently reported earlier average ages of first periods than participants who were White.
    • Children are experiencing longer time to regularity in menstrual cycles.
  • Accuracy
    • The average age of first menstruation in the Apple cohort dropped to 11.9 years among those born between 2000 and 2005.
  • Deception (30%)
    The article does not clearly state that the study's findings are only based on app users recruited on social media rather than a random sample, making it potentially misleading for readers. Additionally, the article implies that there is a direct correlation between 'forever chemicals' and early puberty without linking to peer-reviewed studies supporting this claim.
    • The findings, published in JAMA Network Open, mirror other research...
    • The data were collected from app users recruited on social media rather than a random sample.
    • Research suggests that in general, girls are getting their periods earlier than previous generations, and cycle irregularity also appears to be on the rise.
  • Fallacies (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Bias (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Site Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication

98%

  • Unique Points
    • Average age of first period for girls aged 19 to 24 is 11.9 years compared to women aged 55 to 74 who were an average age of 12.5 years when they got their first period.
    • Decrease in age at first period could be due to rising childhood obesity and other factors like forever chemicals, poor diet, stress and adverse childhood experiences.
    • Very early puberty increased during the pandemic.
  • Accuracy
    • The average age of first period for girls aged 19 to 24 is 11.9 years compared to women aged 55 to 74 who were an average age of 12.5 years when they got their first period.
    • Asian and non-Hispanic Black participants were more likely to report earlier menstruation.
    • The percentage of participants who got their period younger than age 11 increased over the years.
    • Irregular periods have been linked to various diseases including coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Deception (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Fallacies (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Bias (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Site Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication

98%

  • Unique Points
    • Black children of low socioeconomic status are starting their periods earlier than the average age.
    • Some Black girls are seeing the onset of puberty as early as 5 years old.
    • Research has shown that Black girls are more likely to start puberty early than white girls.
  • Accuracy
    • ,
  • Deception (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Fallacies (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Bias (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Site Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (0%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication

97%

  • Unique Points
    • Study published in JAMA Network Open reveals girls in the US have been getting their first period earlier and irregularly over the last 55 years.
    • Percentage of girls whose cycles became regular within two years of menarche decreased by 74% to 56% between the same periods.
    • Early menstruation could lead to increased risk of sexual abuse due to appearance of maturity but immature age.
  • Accuracy
    • The average age at menarche (first period) decreased from 12.5 years to 11.9 years between 1950-1969 and 2000-2005.
  • Deception (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Fallacies (95%)
    There are no formal fallacies present in the article. However, there is an appeal to authority and a slight exaggeration in describing the implications of menstrual data for health indicators.
    • About 10,000 participants provided data on their body mass index, and the analysis estimated that about 46% of the drop in age of menarche could be explained by higher BMI...
    • Obesity may not tell the whole story. “I think obesity is one factor. I’t don’t think it explained the trends fully...
    • Menstrual health and women’s health is understudied and underfunded.
    • We know that biomarkers for cardiovascular disease differ depending on where you are in your menstrual cycle, and then it can lead to misdiagnoses and underdiagnoses...
    • Menstrual variation could be used to enhance diagnostics and provide a better picture of individual and population health...
  • Bias (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Site Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication