According to recent studies published by the American Cancer Society, nearly half of adult cancer cases and deaths in the United States could be prevented through lifestyle changes. The leading causes of preventable cancers include smoking, excess body weight, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and UV radiation exposure. Let's take a closer look at each factor and its impact on cancer risk.
Smoking: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable cancer cases and deaths in the US. In 2019 alone, smoking contributed to approximately 56% of all cancers in men and 39.9% in women, resulting in nearly 19.3% of all cancer cases and almost 30% of cancer deaths.
Excess Body Weight: Excess body weight was the second leading cause, contributing to about 7.6% of all potentially preventable cancers. Obesity is linked to an increased risk for various types of cancer, including colorectal, breast, uterine, esophageal, kidney and pancreatic cancer.
Alcohol Consumption: Alcohol consumption was responsible for 5.4% of all potentially preventable cancers in the US. It is a known risk factor for several types of cancer such as oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, colorectum, female breast, esophagus (squamous cell carcinoma), and liver (hepatocellular carcinoma).
Physical Inactivity: Physical inactivity was linked to 3.1% of all potentially preventable cancers. Regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight, reduces inflammation, and strengthens the immune system.
UV Radiation Exposure: UV radiation exposure from the sun contributed to 4.6% of all potentially preventable cancers in the US. It is a major risk factor for skin cancer, including melanoma.
To reduce your risk of developing preventable cancers, consider making lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise, limiting alcohol consumption or avoiding it altogether, engaging in regular physical activity and protecting yourself from excessive UV radiation exposure. By doing so, you could potentially avoid 40% of adult cancer cases and nearly half of all cancer deaths.