Yellowstone National Park experienced an unexpected event on July 23, 2024, when a hydrothermal explosion occurred in the Biscuit Basin area. The explosion took place near Sapphire Pool around 10 a.m. local time and caused significant damage to the surrounding area.
According to reports from various sources, no injuries were reported as a result of the explosion, but visitors were advised to evacuate the area for safety reasons.
Hydrothermal explosions occur when fluids under high pressure turn into steam rapidly due to a drop in pressure. This sudden expansion causes an ejection of debris and can be quite violent. The US Geological Survey explains that hydrothermal explosions are not related to volcanic eruptions, but rather the result of geothermal systems.
Biscuit Basin has experienced hydrothermal explosions in the past, with one occurring on May 17, 2009. The USGS notes that large hydrothermal explosions occur on average every 700 years in Yellowstone National Park and can create craters up to a mile wide.
Despite efforts to install instruments to detect such events before they happen, hydrothermal explosions are difficult to predict due to the dynamic nature of geothermal systems. The USGS advises visitors not to approach thermal features and instead stick to designated boardwalks for their safety.
The exact cause of the July 23 explosion is still under investigation, but it is believed that a build-up of pressure in the geothermal system may have been responsible. The area remains closed for safety reasons while assessments are being made.
Visitors to Yellowstone National Park should be aware that hydrothermal explosions can occur without warning and should follow all safety guidelines when visiting thermal areas.
