In recent months, there have been numerous reports of human cases of bird flu, also known as avian influenza, in various countries around the world. The virus has infected dairy workers in the United States and caused fatalities in individuals from Mexico to China. Here's a closer look at some of the latest developments regarding this issue.
In the United States, four dairy workers have tested positive for bird flu and experienced mild symptoms such as conjunctivitis. This marks the first known cases of cow-to-human transmission in the country, with all three patients having had direct contact with infected cows. The USDA has confirmed outbreaks in over 130 dairy herds across 12 states, and CDC advises avoiding exposure to sick or dead animals and wearing appropriate protective equipment for job-related exposure.
Meanwhile, Mexico reported a death from H5N2 avian influenza. Initially reported as a case of chronic illness, the cause of death was later confirmed as bird flu. In Australia, a child with H5N1 bird flu had traveled to India where the virus is prevalent in poultry populations.
Vietnam reported a death from H5N1 bird flu and an outbreak of H9N2 in a man. China detected human cases caused by the H5N6, H9N2, and H10N3 strains with two fatalities from the former strain. Germany reported a rare outbreak of highly pathogenic H7N5 bird flu on a farm near its border with the Netherlands.
The World Health Organization (WHO) remains on high alert for potential human cases and advises health partners to help raise awareness among physicians about bird flu symptoms, particularly conjunctivitis and respiratory illness after relevant exposures. The organization also emphasizes the importance of seasonal flu vaccines in protecting against the virus.
The risk to the general public is currently considered low, but experts urge caution when handling raw meat and cooking it to a safe internal temperature. No steak tartare or other undercooked meat products should be consumed. The FDA has confirmed that pasteurized milk is safe, but raw milk should be avoided due to potential contamination with the virus.