New Study Finds No Evidence Multivitamins Extend Life: Focus on Whole Foods Instead

Washington D.C., District of Columbia, USA United States of America
Focus on getting vitamins and minerals from whole foods like fruits and vegetables instead.
New study published in JAMA Network Open finds no association between multivitamin use and lower risk of death for generally healthy adults.
No benefit from taking multivitamins in reducing the risk of death from cancer, heart disease, or stroke.
Researchers analyzed data from nearly 400,000 participants over a period of more than 20 years.
New Study Finds No Evidence Multivitamins Extend Life: Focus on Whole Foods Instead

In recent news, a study published in the journal JAMA Network Open has revealed that taking daily multivitamins does not help extend one's life. The research was led by researchers from the National Institutes of Health's National Cancer Institute and analyzed data from nearly 400,000 healthy adults over a period of more than 20 years. The study found no association between regular multivitamin use and lower risk of death.

The participants in the study were generally healthy, with no chronic diseases. However, researchers noted that more research is needed for populations with nutritional deficiencies.

Despite this finding, it's important to note that taking a multivitamin does not necessarily mean one is neglecting their diet or overall health. The study did not find any benefit from taking multivitamins in reducing the risk of death from cancer, heart disease, or stroke. Instead, it's recommended to focus on getting vitamins and minerals from whole foods like fruits and vegetables.

However, there are certain populations who may benefit from multivitamin use. People with chronic kidney disease, bariatric surgery or GI issues may need supplementation to maintain adequate nutrient levels. Pregnant women should also take a multivitamin with folate to prevent defects.

It's important for individuals to discuss their dietary history and any supplement use with their healthcare provider during routine checkups.



Confidence

90%

Doubts
  • Was the sample size large enough to accurately represent the general population?
  • Were there any confounding factors that could have influenced the results?

Sources

98%

  • Unique Points
    • Study from NIH found that multivitamins don’t help extend life
    • Researchers reported ‘multivitamin use to improve longevity is not supported’
    • Participants in study had median age of 61.5 years old and were generally healthy with no chronic diseases
    • Study found no evidence that daily multivitamin consumption reduced risk of death from heart disease or cancer
  • Accuracy
    • People who consumed daily multivitamins were marginally more likely than non-users to die in the study period
  • Deception (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Fallacies (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Bias (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Site Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication

95%

  • Unique Points
    • Study found no association between regular multivitamin use and lower risk of death for healthy adults.
    • Participants in the study were generally healthy, more research needed for populations with nutritional deficiencies.
    • No benefit from taking multivitamins in reducing risk of death from cancer, heart disease or stroke.
    • Better to get vitamins from whole foods like fruits and vegetables.
    • People with chronic kidney disease, bariatric surgery or GI issues may benefit from multivitamin use.
    • Pregnant women should take a multivitamin with folate to prevent defects.
  • Accuracy
    • Taking a multivitamin can reduce cognitive decline as you get older and help prevent macular degeneration.
  • Deception (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Fallacies (85%)
    The article does not commit any egregious logical fallacies but repeatedly appeals to authority and uses inflammatory rhetoric. It also presents dichotomous depictions of multivitamin use.
    • . . . new research shows
    • In the study, published in JAMA Network Open Wednesday, researchers analyzed data from nearly 400,000 healthy U.S. adults followed for more than 20 years and found no association between regular multivitamin use and lower risk of death.
    • Dr. Céline Gounder, CBS News medical contributor . . .
  • Bias (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Site Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication

82%

  • Unique Points
    • A major study found that taking daily multivitamins does not help people live longer and may increase the risk of an early death.
    • ,
    • People who consumed daily multivitamins were marginally more likely than non-users to die in the study period.
  • Accuracy
    • ]A major study found that taking daily multivitamins does not help people live longer and may increase the risk of an early death.[
    • No evidence that daily multivitamins reduced the risk of death in their study.
  • Deception (30%)
    The article makes several statements that imply or claim facts without providing peer-reviewed studies to support them. For example, the statement 'Taking a daily multivitamin does not help people to live any longer and may actually increase the risk of an early death' is not supported by any studies mentioned in the article. The author also states 'researchers have questioned the health benefits and even warned that the supplements can be harmful', but no specific studies or sources are cited to back up this claim. Additionally, there is a statement 'Historically, sailors were saved from scurvy by vitamin C', which while true in historical context, does not directly relate to the current study or its findings.
    • researchers have questioned the health benefits and even warned that the supplements can be harmful
    • Taking a daily multivitamin does not help people to live any longer and may actually increase the risk of an early death
  • Fallacies (85%)
    The article contains appeals to authority and inflammatory rhetoric. It also presents dichotomous depictions of multivitamins<dummy00015>.
    • . . . multivitamin use to improve longevity is not supported
    • Despite the popularity of multivitamins, researchers have questioned the health benefits and even warned that the supplements can be harmful.
    • It's not surprising to see these do not significantly reduce the risk of mortality.
  • Bias (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Site Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication

72%

  • Unique Points
    • Millions of Americans take multivitamins to prevent disease despite little health rationale
    • One in three US adults take multivitamins to prevent disease or improve health
  • Accuracy
    • New study found daily multivitamin use associated with 4% higher risk of death than nonuse
    • People who consumed daily multivitamins were less likely to smoke, more likely to exercise, had higher scores for diet quality and lower ones for body mass index but still had a 4% higher mortality rate compared to those who did not take multivitamins.
  • Deception (0%)
    The author makes editorializing statements and uses sensational language to manipulate the reader's emotions. She states that 'there is little health rationale for [multivitamins]' and that daily multivitamin use is associated with a 'higher risk of death'. However, she fails to provide any context or evidence beyond the study results, which only show an association and do not prove causation. The author also selectively reports details from the study that support her position while ignoring other findings, such as the potential benefits of certain supplements for specific health conditions.
    • Chew on this – a new study finds that millions of Americans are taking multivitamins to prevent disease even though ‘there is little health rationale for them.’
    • In fact, daily multivitamin use was associated with a 4% higher risk of death than nonuse,
  • Fallacies (85%)
    The article reports on a study that found daily multivitamin use was associated with a 4% higher risk of death than nonuse. The author also notes the US Preventive Services Task Force determination that vitamin and mineral supplementation offers 'little or no benefit' in preventing cancer, cardiovascular disease, and death. However, the article includes examples of specific supplements that have demonstrated benefits for certain health issues.
    • Chew on this — a new study finds that millions of Americans are taking multivitamins to prevent disease even though “there is little health rationale” for them.
    • In fact, daily multivitamin use was associated with a 4% higher risk of death than nonuse, according to research published Wednesday in the journal JAMA Network Open.
    • The US Preventive Services Task Force determined in 2022 that vitamin and mineral supplementation offers 'little or no benefit' in preventing cancer, cardiovascular disease and death.
  • Bias (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Site Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication

83%

  • Unique Points
    • New study by researchers at the National Cancer Institute found that people who took multivitamins had a small but significantly greater risk of premature death than people who did not.
    • People who took multivitamins every day were less likely to smoke, more likely to exercise, had higher scores for diet quality and lower ones for body mass index.
    • The mortality rate was 4% higher for those who took multivitamins daily and 9% higher for those who took them less often compared to those who eschewed all multivitamins during the first 12 years of tracking.
    • Younger vitamin users had the highest risk, with a mortality rate that was 15% higher than for those who didn't take them at all during this period.
  • Accuracy
    No Contradictions at Time Of Publication
  • Deception (30%)
    The article makes several statements that could be considered deceptive or misleading. The author uses emotional manipulation by implying that taking multivitamins is a 'sensible insurance policy' and that the science regarding their benefits is 'not so straightforward'. She also engages in selective reporting by focusing on one study that found a small but significantly greater risk of premature death among multivitamin users, while ignoring other studies that have found no such association. The author also uses sensationalism by implying that multivitamins may actually be harmful and could 'backfire'. However, the article does disclose the source of the study and provides some context for why the findings are not straightforward.
    • If you’re taking a multivitamin to help you live longer, a new study may prompt you to reconsider.
    • The findings, reported Wednesday in the journal JAMA Network Open, may seem baffling.
    • Besides, vitamins are essential. It would stand to reason that the more you take, the better.
  • Fallacies (85%)
    The author makes an appeal to authority by citing a study and the conclusions of experts. However, the author also provides context and explanations for why assessing the value of multivitamins is complex due to confounding factors such as the 'healthy user effect' and 'sick user effect'. No formal fallacies were found.
    • ]If you’re taking a multivitamin to help you live longer, a new study by researchers at the National Cancer Institute may prompt you to reconsider.[
    • The findings, reported Wednesday in the journal JAMA Network Open, may seem baffling.
    • As recently as 2022, the experts on the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force conducted a thorough review of the medical literature regarding the potential for multivitamins to help prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer. They concluded there was not enough reliable evidence to make a recommendation one way or the other.
    • To help fill the gaps left by prior research, a team led by epidemiologist Erikka Loftfield collected data from three large studies that tracked participants over decades
  • Bias (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Site Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication
  • Author Conflicts Of Interest (100%)
    None Found At Time Of Publication